Cycle experiment, the Japanese enterprise finally broke the hard and brittle material problem

Abstract Based on multiple independent sources, Japan's TOP Seiko (TOP SEIKO) is a highly regarded company that specializes in the machining of "hard and brittle" materials. The company's primary processing materials include ceramics such as alumina (Al₂O₃) and silicon carbide (SiC), as well as metals like pure tungsten (W) and molybdenum (Mo). These materials are known for their extreme hardness and difficulty in traditional machining processes.
TOP Seiko has built a strong reputation by offering precision solutions for complex materials used in advanced industries. In the ceramic sector, they produce components such as wafer adsorption plates for semiconductor manufacturing equipment and shower plates for CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) systems. On the metal side, they process parts for radiation shielding and X-ray devices, including medical inspection equipment. Their ability to perform high-precision machining on these challenging materials in a short time frame sets them apart in the industry.

One notable example is the machining of a silicon carbide (SiC) adsorption plate used in semiconductor manufacturing. This component is a disk-shaped part with a diameter of 290 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. It features 10 concentric grooves, each 1 mm wide, on its surface. Due to SiC’s extremely high Vickers hardness—about 1.3 times that of Al₂O₃—traditional machining methods are not effective. Instead, TOP Seiko uses a super-hard diamond-coated drill bit made from a special alloy. Although this tool is very rigid, it is also fragile and wears quickly. To address this, the company developed a specialized technique using two custom-made tools equipped with rectangular diamond segments (800 μm in width) on the bottom of an open disc. By rotating the tool on a machining center (MC), they can efficiently cut the required grooves into the workpiece.

In addition to ceramics, TOP Seiko also works extensively with metals like tungsten and molybdenum. For instance, when processing molybdenum rods on an NC lathe, the company uses a self-designed cutter to process hundreds of units at once. This method significantly extends the tool life, allowing for up to 40–50 hours of continuous, unmanned operation. Another unique approach involves clamping tungsten sheets without a traditional chuck. Instead, the material is fixed to a jig using adhesive, ensuring that no portion of the sheet is wasted due to clamping. This allows for full utilization of the material, which is especially important when working with expensive or rare materials.

According to industry reports, TOP Seiko excels in handling difficult machining tasks efficiently. Beyond their 12 years of accumulated expertise, the company relies on a collaborative problem-solving approach. When faced with a challenging task, operators and on-site staff engage in a process called "looping." This involves three main steps: first, observing the phenomenon before, during, and after processing; second, forming hypotheses based on those observations; and third, testing these hypotheses through actual machining. Through repeated cycles of observation and trial and error, the team has developed unconventional but highly effective techniques that often defy traditional machining logic.

Overall, TOP Seiko stands out in the field of precision machining by combining advanced technology, innovative methods, and a deep understanding of material behavior. Their commitment to continuous improvement and hands-on problem-solving makes them a key player in the production of high-quality components for cutting-edge industries.
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