Occurrence and control of rice downy mildew
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Chinese alias: yellowing atrophy
Latin name: sclerophthoramacrospora (sacc.) thirumcta1.
Harmful crop: rice
Symptoms: Symptoms appear in the late stage of the field, and the symptoms at the peak of the tillering period are significant. The diseased plant is dwarfed, the leaves are light green; the leaves are yellowish-white dots, round or elliptical, often connected in a line shape; the diseased plants are significantly dwarfed after the booting, and the plant height is less than one-half of the healthy plants. The leaves are short and thick, and the heart leaves are yellowish white, sometimes bent or twisted, difficult to extract, and the lower leaves gradually die. The sheath sheath is slightly buckling, with irregular corrugations on the surface, sometimes wrinkled or twisted. The diseased plants were reduced in tillering, one strain was susceptible, and the remaining tillers were all susceptible. The ear is malformed and cannot be extracted normally. The ear is small and not real, and sometimes the spikelets are degenerated into leaves.
Morphological characteristics of pathogens: hyphae and oospores of pathogens are born in the intercellular space, cysts are extended from the stomata, often paired, few 3, short and thick, not often branched, 3 to 4 short at the top Branchlets, tips forming sporangia. Sporangia ovate or elliptic, colorless or purple-brown, oocysts are easy to see after booting, mature oospores are spherical or nearly ovate, bright yellow, smooth or slightly wrinkled
Distribution area: found in the southern rice area and northeast
Characteristics of the disease: wintering with oospores. Often living and reproducing in wetlands, spread by water. It occurs in flooded and low-humidity rice fields, usually occurring 2 to 3 weeks after flooding. Low temperature and rain are beneficial to the disease.
Control method:
1. Improve the irrigation and drainage system of the diseased field without flooding the seedlings.
2. Select the field with higher terrain as the Putian, pay attention to the management of the farmland and prevent flooding.
3. Remove the diseased plants in time to control the spread of the disease.
4, the common disease area and large flooded seedlings can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP or 50% thiophanate WP, 50-75 grams per mu, sprayed with water.
Commonly used agents: 50% carbendazim wettable powder 50% thiophanate WP