For the diagnosis of peanut rotten fruit
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1. Infectious diseases lead to rotten fruit. The main symptom is the appearance of light brown-black lesions on the pods, which are the main features of pod rot. The lesions expand and merge into one piece, and the entire pod surface is eclipsed. As the disease develops further, the shell tissue separates and the nuts rot. Anyone who has started rotten fruit in August and meets the above symptoms is a pod rot disease, which is caused by infection of most bacteria.
2. Physiological rotten fruit, including dried rotten fruit, rainy rotten fruit. Mainly due to the dry or rainy August caused by rotten fruit. The rotten fruit caused by the drought is serious with the sand land; the same land, the place with high terrain is serious. The rotten fruit caused by rainy is severely clayed; the same land, the place with low terrain is serious.
3. Other reasons include worm fruit, rotten fruit, and mechanical rotten fruit.
Second, prevention measures
1. For infective diseases causing rotten fruit, chemical control should be carried out. It can be treated with 50% carbendazim powder 200-300 times root irrigation (foliar application is invalid, carbendazim should use original powder).
2. For physiological diseases causing rotten fruit, management should be strengthened. In case of drought, it is necessary to water in time, watering is suitable for furrow irrigation, and the effect of sprinkler irrigation is better. During the rainy season, the ditch and the ditch are connected, the water flows smoothly when the rain is continuous, and there is no clear water in the field, which enhances the resistance of the plants and pods and reduces the rate of rotten fruit.
3. For the rotten fruit caused by other reasons, the following measures can be taken for prevention and treatment.
(1) Drug treatment of seeds. When peanuts are planted, they should be coated with peanut seed coating agent as much as possible. Or when the grounding of the peanuts before planting, use 5% of phorate or phoxim particles per hectare for 38-45 kg, mix 225-300 kg of soil, and scatter it in the seeding ditch. When sowing, use 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 500 ml, add 40-50 kg of water, and mix 400-500 kg. During the pod-forming period of peanuts, the roots are filled with 90% crystal trichlorfon 2000 times, and the effect is also ideal.
(2) Cultivate strong seedlings. When cultivating the ridge, apply the “filling fat†before the ridge, so as to cultivate the young seedlings. For calcium-deficient soils, attention should be paid to the application of calcium fertilizer.
(3) Prevention and control of rodents. Use bait to trap and kill rodents. 1 kg of zinc phosphide can be used, and 20 kg of millet or wheat kernels can be mixed and placed in the field at the same distance or next to the rat hole.
(4) Harvest at the right time. The growth point of the top of the peanut plants stopped growing, the upper leaves turned yellow, the middle and lower leaves turned from green to yellow and gradually fell off, the stems appeared aging and turned yellow-green, and most of the pods became hard and reticulated, and the sponge tissue shrunk and collapsed. It has a dark brown luster and can be harvested when the seed is full and thin and presents the inherent luster of the variety. Harvesting is mainly based on manual extraction to reduce fruit loss and ensure increased production and income.