Which types of lubrication are generally used for compressors?
July 09 10:04:06, 2025
According to the design and structure of compressors, various lubrication methods can be applied depending on the type and size of the equipment. Here are the most common lubrication techniques used in different compressor systems:
1. **Pressure Lubrication** – This method involves using mechanical devices such as oil pumps or oilers to deliver lubricating oil under pressure to critical components. It is typically employed in large and medium-sized crosshead compressors, where consistent and reliable lubrication is essential for smooth operation.
2. **Splash Lubrication** – In this approach, oil is splashed onto moving parts by an oil rod attached to the connecting rod. The same lubricant is used for both the cylinder and the moving mechanism. This method is commonly found in small compressors without a crosshead. However, it has some drawbacks, such as the lack of oil filtration and the need for precise control of the oil level.
3. **Oil Injection Lubrication** – This technique involves injecting a fine mist of oil into the compression chamber along with the gas. It is widely used in high-pressure compressors, such as screw compressors, vane compressors, and certain types of reciprocating compressors. This method ensures that the internal components are well-lubricated without direct contact with the oil reservoir.
4. **Drip Lubrication** – In this system, oil is delivered to specific parts through oil cups and pipelines. It is often used in applications where periodic oiling is sufficient, and the oil is manually added at regular intervals. This method is simple but requires routine maintenance to ensure proper lubrication.
5. **Oil Ring Lubrication** – An oil ring is mounted on the shaft and rotates with it, picking up oil from a reservoir and distributing it to the bearing. This is a self-sustaining method that provides continuous lubrication and is commonly used in rotating machinery such as bearings and shafts.
Each lubrication method has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice depends on factors such as compressor size, operating conditions, and required maintenance levels. Understanding these methods helps in selecting the most suitable lubrication system for optimal performance and longevity of the equipment.
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