Comparison of several processes of purified water equipment
June 19 14:17:52, 2025
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2000 edition) defines purified water for pharmaceutical use as being prepared through methods such as distillation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or other appropriate techniques. This definition broadens the scope beyond just distillation, marking a significant advancement in the evolution of pharmaceutical water production in our country. The Pharmacopoeia specifies that water for injection should be derived from distilled purified water. Meanwhile, the US Pharmacopeia (USP) has consistently acknowledged reverse osmosis (RO) as a legitimate method for producing injection-grade water across its seven consecutive editions, reflecting growing trust in membrane technology for pharmaceutical applications. Utilizing membrane separation for water production represents an inevitable progression in pharmaceutical water technology. Presently, both domestic and international pharmaceutical firms predominantly employ ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or hybrid systems combining these technologies to generate purified water, subsequently using distillation to create injection water. While ion exchange remains a prevalent deep desalination technique, its regeneration necessitates substantial amounts of waste acids and bases, causing environmental pollution and regulatory constraints. Reverse osmosis membranes effectively remove bacteria, pyrogens, viruses, and organic impurities, achieving near-complete purification. However, even dual-stage reverse osmosis struggles to handle high-salinity feedwater due to the typical 98% desalination rate of RO systems. Medical-grade pure water demands stringent quality standards, often requiring resistivity values exceeding 15 megohms. To ensure the safety of such ultrapure water, entire treatment systems are constructed from stainless steel, incorporating sterilization units prior to dispensing points. Recognizing the unique needs of the pharmaceutical sector, our company employs advanced processes like reverse osmosis and EDI to tailor comprehensive high-purity water treatment solutions for diverse user requirements, meeting the demands of both pharmaceutical plants and hospital infusion production.
The primary water purification equipment processes can be categorized into several types:
1. Raw water → raw water pressurization pump → multimedia filter → activated carbon filter → water softener → precision filter → reverse osmosis equipment → intermediate water tank → intermediate water pump → ion exchanger → purified water tank → pure water pump → ultraviolet sterilizer → microporous filter → dispensing point.
2. Raw water → raw water pressurization pump → multimedia filter → activated carbon filter → water softener → precision filter → reverse osmosis → pH adjustment → intermediate water tank → secondary reverse osmosis (reverse osmosis membrane surface is positively charged) → purified water tank → pure water pump → ultraviolet sterilizer → microporous filter → dispensing point.
3. Raw water → raw water pressurization pump → multimedia filter → activated carbon filter → water softener → precision filter → reverse osmosis machine → intermediate water tank → intermediate water pump → EDI system → purified water tank → pure water pump → ultraviolet sterilizer → microporous filter → dispensing point.
Comparing the three main processes for ultrapure water preparation in the electronics industry, these processes and their derivations form the basis for most modern water treatment setups. Below are the pros and cons of each:
1. Ion exchange resin utilization offers lower initial investment and space requirements but demands frequent regeneration, consuming significant amounts of acid and base, thus posing environmental risks.
2. Reverse osmosis pre-treatment combined with ion exchange equipment shows higher initial costs than ion exchange resin alone but extends the regeneration cycle, reducing acid and base usage. Yet, it still affects the environment.
3. Reverse osmosis pre-treatment coupled with an electric deionization (EDI) unit represents an economical and eco-friendly approach to ultrapure water production. It enables continuous operation without acid-base regeneration, eliminating environmental harm. However, its initial cost exceeds that of the previous two methods.
Huaibei Yuanyi Water Purification Technology Co., Ltd. specializes in industrial water treatment equipment, including single and double-stage reverse osmosis systems, deionized water equipment, desalination systems, direct drinking water equipment, drinking water systems, mountain spring water systems, natural mineral water equipment, drinking pure water equipment, ultrapure water equipment, high-purity water equipment, EDI electrodialysis systems, pharmaceutical purification water equipment, barrel water plant equipment, bottle water plant equipment, barrel filling machines, three-in-one bottle lines, bucket brushing and capping machines, bottle cap disinfection machines, air showers, air purifiers, purification workbenches, lamp inspection boxes, laboratory equipment, QS-certified equipment, and water treatment chemical scale inhibitors.
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