Storage and storage of winter and spring fertilizers
September 11 08:50:26, 2025
Every winter, farmers often store leftover fertilizers from the previous year or purchase new ones for use in the following spring. However, some individuals are unaware of the properties of chemical fertilizers and fail to manage them properly, leading to improper stacking. This not only reduces fertilizer efficiency but also poses serious safety risks. Different types of fertilizers have unique characteristics—some are acidic or alkaline, others are corrosive or toxic, while some are highly hygroscopic and prone to clumping. Some may be volatile, leading to loss, and others can be flammable or explosive. As spring approaches, warehouse storage conditions must be adjusted accordingly. It is essential to adopt suitable storage methods based on each fertilizer’s specific traits to prevent degradation and maintain effectiveness.
Chemical fertilizers should be stored separately in the warehouse, clearly labeled with their names and chemical compositions. Mixing different types can lead to harmful reactions. For instance, ammonium-based fertilizers like ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and ammonia water may cause nitrogen loss when mixed with alkaline substances such as wood ash, lime, or lime nitrogen. Similarly, nitrate-based fertilizers like ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate can absorb moisture when combined with superphosphate, leading to deliquescence and gradual decomposition, resulting in significant nutrient loss.
Fertilizers should be kept in a dry, well-ventilated area within the warehouse, protected from water and humidity. Most fertilizers are soluble in water, and exposure to moisture can cause them to clump or even liquefy, significantly reducing their effectiveness. Fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate are highly hygroscopic and prone to melting. Others, like ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and urea, may form hard blocks when exposed to moisture, making them difficult to apply and less effective. When storing, avoid damaging the packaging, do not leave them outdoors, and protect them from rain, snow, and direct sunlight. Use wooden pallets to elevate the bags, keeping them no more than 0.3 meters above the ground.
Additionally, fertilizers should be stored in a cool, dark place. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are sensitive to heat, and excessive temperatures can cause nitrogen to convert into ammonia, which evaporates and reduces the product’s effectiveness. Ammonium nitrate, in particular, is highly flammable and explosive. Therefore, it should never be stored near flammable materials like gasoline, alcohol, or sulfur to prevent potential accidents. Proper storage practices are crucial to ensure both safety and optimal performance of fertilizers.