In the exhibition hall, where the elegance of classical wardrobes is on display, lighting plays a crucial role in highlighting their craftsmanship. Fluorescent lights are often used to create a vibrant background, while spotlights focus on the intricate details of the furniture. Although this lighting system enhances the visual appeal of the mahogany wardrobes, many people are unaware that light can also be harmful to these valuable pieces.
Ultraviolet (UV) rays cause more damage to classical wardrobes than infrared (IR) rays. According to experts, the safety of the lighting system is essential in preserving these artifacts. Even though we can’t see it with our eyes, ordinary exhibition lights carry hidden dangers—particularly from UV and IR radiation. Among them, UV radiation is the most damaging.
Both UV and IR rays contribute to the deterioration of the wardrobe through chemical and physical processes. UV rays cause photochemical damage, while IR rays lead to thermal stress. Compared to visible light, UV rays have a much higher photon activation energy. This means they can trigger molecular degradation more effectively, especially since organic materials on the surface of the wardrobe absorb UV light strongly. In contrast, visible light is rarely absorbed by these materials, making UV rays far more harmful. This threat significantly reduces the lifespan of antique furniture.
Therefore, it is widely accepted in the international museum community that the light sources used for displaying cultural relics should minimize or eliminate UV radiation as much as possible. While the activation power of infrared rays is lower than that of UV rays, it still poses a risk. IR radiation increases the temperature of the wardrobe’s surface and surrounding environment, causing heat that accelerates the chemical reactions initiated by UV light. Additionally, rising temperatures lead to water evaporation, which causes thermal expansion and contraction of the wood, further accelerating the aging process.
To protect these historical treasures, careful selection of lighting is essential. Proper lighting not only showcases the beauty of the furniture but also ensures its long-term preservation.