Popular science knowledge is a way of explaining scientific phenomena and theories in an easy-to-understand language, aiming to promote public understanding of science and technology.

Modern biomechanics began around the late 1960s. During this period, researchers actively studied the biomechanical properties of human and animal movements. Notable contributions include Alexander's "Biomechanics" in 1970, Vukov Brodovich’s mathematical simulations of animal movement in 1974, which helped advance robotics, and Silijeboland’s theory of uniform stepping in animals in 1968.

First, short answer questions:

1. What is the “Three Gold Project”?

The U.S. information highway program sparked global interest, prompting many countries to develop their own strategies. In 1994, China launched the “Three Gold Projects”: Jinqiao (economic information), Jinguan (customs), and Gold Card (financial services). These initiatives aimed to build an information infrastructure, enhance economic efficiency, and improve daily life through digital transformation. Later projects like the Sanjin (tax) and Jinwei (health) projects further expanded these efforts. With time, computers and internet access became widespread across China.

2. What is a red tide?

A red tide is a phenomenon where toxic algae multiply rapidly, discoloring seawater and reducing oxygen levels, leading to mass deaths of marine life. It often occurs in spring and fall. In 1993, China faced significant losses due to red tides in coastal areas, caused by pollution from industrial and domestic waste.

3. What is a clone?

Cloning refers to asexual reproduction, where an organism is created without sexual reproduction. It involves copying genetic material from a single cell. While plants can be easily cloned, animal cloning is more complex. Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from adult cells, was born in 1996. Clones are not exact copies but share the same genetic makeup as the donor cell.

Second, multiple choice questions:

There are four layers around the Earth; the outermost is the atmosphere (A). The atmosphere is divided into 5 layers (C). Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction in 1831 (A). In 1999, the world population reached 6 billion (B). The Environmental Protection Law was passed in 1989 (A). The main source of water pollution is industrial and domestic sewage (B). Environmental protection policy emphasizes comprehensive planning and utilization (C). Clean energy includes solar, wind, and hydro (B). The most important invention of the 20th century was the computer (D). Nanotechnology is not one of the four major scientific problems (D). The Beijing Declaration was published in 1991 (A). The angle between the equatorial plane and the ecliptic is 23°26' (A). The first National Environmental Protection Conference was held in Beijing in 1973 (A). DTS stands for Digital Home Theater System (B). Nuclear energy is high-energy and clean (A). The compass is one of the four great inventions (A). Environmental standards are part of China's legal system (A). Lasers were first produced in 1953 (A). World Environment Day is on June 5 (A). Computer networks allow resource sharing (A). CAI refers to Computer Aided Instruction (B). Computers follow von Neumann's principles (D). Data is stored in binary form (C). Software regulations took effect in 1991 (C). A compiler converts source code to target code (C). ENIAC was the first electronic computer (A). A complete computer system includes hardware and software (D). RAM loses data when powered off (B). Computers use machine language (C). High-level languages include programs, data, and documents (D). Memory has the fastest speed (D). The correct statement about computers is that higher CPU frequency means faster performance (D). To prevent floppy disk viruses, reformatting is effective (D). UNIX is a multi-user, multi-tasking OS (C). Transistor-based computers belong to the second generation (B). DNA is about 2 meters long (A). The diameter of DNA is 20 angstroms (C). WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol (A). Bluetooth is a short-range wireless tech (B). DNS does not belong to nanotechnology (C). The largest mammal is the blue whale (B). The Cherry Blossom Festival is celebrated in Japan (C). The Chernobyl accident occurred in the former Soviet Union (C).