What are the characteristics of chemical centrifugal pumps?
The chemical pump uses the impeller to cause the liquid flowing through the impeller to be subjected to centrifugal force. The chemical pump that raises the liquid passes the impeller to make the liquid flowing through the impeller act by centrifugal force, and improves the mechanical energy of the liquid to carry out liquid transportation. It is a machine for increasing liquid energy. Due to the special requirements of chemical production for water pumps, chemical centrifugal pumps have the following characteristics compared with other centrifugal pumps:
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(1) Chemical centrifugal pump can adapt to chemical process needs Pumps in chemical production, not only to transport liquid materials and provide the necessary pressure for process requirements, but also to ensure the amount of material to be transported, the flow rate of centrifugal pumps is required in certain chemical unit operations. The head should be stable to keep the pump efficient and reliable.
(2) The chemical centrifugal pump can transport the liquid in the critical state of the liquid critical state, which will vaporize when the temperature rises or the pressure decreases. The chemical pump sometimes transports the critical state liquid, which is prone to cavitation damage once the liquid is vaporized in the pump. This requires the pump to have high cavitation resistance. At the same time, the vaporization of the liquid may cause frictional bonding of the static and dynamic parts of the pump, which requires the gap to be larger. In order to avoid mechanical seals, packing seals due to vaporization of the liquid, Labyrinth seals and other damage due to dry friction, such chemical pumps must have a structure to fully remove the gas generated in the pump.
(3) The medium transported by corrosion-resistant chemical pump, including raw materials and reaction intermediates, is often corrosive medium. This requires proper and reasonable choice of pump materials to ensure safe, stable and long-life operation of the pump.
(4) The high temperature medium for high temperature and low temperature chemical pump transportation has process liquid materials, and also contains heat transfer liquids required for the reaction process. For example, condensate pump, boiler feed water pump, heat transfer oil pump. Many, for example: liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, methane, etc., the pump's low temperature operating temperature is mostly at 20 ~ 10 ° C. Regardless of the high temperature or low temperature of the chemical pump selection and structure must be appropriate, must have sufficient strength and design, manufacturing Pump parts can be affected by thermal shock, thermal expansion and low temperature cold deformation, cold and brittleness.
(5) Wear resistance and erosion resistance Because the chemical pump delivers suspended solid particles in the flow, while the impeller and cavity of the pump also work at high pressure and high flow rate, the surface protection layer of the pump parts is destroyed and its life is short. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the wear resistance and erosion resistance of the chemical pump. This requires the pump material to be made of wear-resistant manganese steel, ceramics, cast iron, etc., which are resistant to flushing titanium and manganese steel.
(6) Operational reliability The reliable operation of the chemical pump includes two meanings: one is that the long-term operation does not fail; the other is that the various parameters are stable during operation. The reliability of the operation is crucial for chemical production. If the pump often fails, It will cause frequent production stoppages affecting production and economic benefits, and sometimes it may cause accidents in chemical systems. Fluctuation of corrosion-resistant pump speed will cause fluctuations in flow rate and pump outlet pressure, making chemical production not normal or the reaction in the system affected. Unbalanced materials not only cause waste but also cause product quality to drop or scrap the product.
(7) Non-leakage or less leakage Chemical pumps such as magnetic pumps are mostly flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful liquids. Once leaked, it will seriously pollute the environment and endanger personal safety and physical and mental health of employees, and it is not in compliance with no leakage. The requirements of the factory and the clean and civilized factory, it is necessary to ensure that the chemical pump does not leak during the operation of the pump. The new technology and new materials are used to operate the high quality maintenance according to the regulations.
Vertical chemical pump for conveying critical state liquid, the shaft sealing material can adopt materials with better self-lubricating properties such as polytetrafluoroethylene, graphite, etc. For the shaft seal structure, in addition to the packing seal, double mechanical seal or labyrinth seal can be used. Etc. When the double-face mechanical seal is used, the cavity between the two end faces is filled with a sealing liquid; when the labyrinth seal is used, a sealing gas with a certain pressure can be introduced from the outside. When the sealing liquid or the sealing gas leaks into the pump, the pump is It should be possible to send the medium. It is harmless if it leaks into the atmosphere. For example, when liquid helium is transported in a critical state, methanol can be used as a sealing liquid in the cavity of the double-face mechanical seal; nitrogen can be introduced into the labyrinth seal when transporting liquid hydrocarbons that are easily vaporized. .
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